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Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water: What You Need to Know

Monday, January 20, 2025
Haloacetic acids are formed when disinfectants such as chlorine are added to tap water

Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are a group of chemical byproducts formed when disinfectants like chlorine interact with organic and inorganic matter in water. These acids are commonly found in treated drinking water in the Philippines due to the widespread use of chlorine as a disinfectant in public water systems. The five major types of haloacetic acids include monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, and dibromoacetic acid. While disinfection is critical for eliminating pathogens, the presence of HAAs in drinking water has raised concerns about their potential impacts on human health.

Prolonged exposure to elevated levels of HAAs has been linked to a variety of health risks. Studies suggest that chronic ingestion of water containing high concentrations of HAAs may increase the risk of developing cancer, particularly of the bladder and colon. Some HAAs, like dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid, are classified as probable or possible human carcinogens based on laboratory studies involving animals. In addition, there is evidence that HAAs may disrupt liver function and impact reproductive and developmental health, although further research is needed to fully understand these effects in humans.

The Role of Water Filtration in Removing Haloacetic Acids

Haloacetic acids (HAAs), harmful byproducts of water disinfection processes, can pose risks to human health when consumed in high concentrations over time. Advanced water filtration systems, such as PureH2O, have proven effective in reducing HAAs in drinking water, ensuring safer consumption. Filtration technologies like activated carbon filters, reverse osmosis, and granular activated carbon (GAC) systems are particularly efficient in targeting and removing these contaminants. These systems work by trapping the chemical compounds within their filtration media or by forcing water through semipermeable membranes, which separate impurities, including HAAs, from the water supply.

Good water filtration not only reduces HAAs but also helps minimize exposure to other disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and contaminants. Using point-of-use filters, such as those attached to faucets or pitchers, can complement municipal water treatment and provide an extra layer of protection. Additionally, maintaining proper filtration system care, such as timely replacement of filter cartridges, ensures consistent removal efficiency. For households reliant on private water systems, investing in high-quality filtration systems is especially crucial to safeguard against HAAs and promote overall water quality.


activated carbon filters chlorine granular activated carbon haloacetic acids reverse osmosis

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